室內基礎設施比較跟女士衛生間廁位

【一】、室內基礎設(she)施(shi)比較
隨(sui)著(zhu)生(sheng)活品質要求(qiu)的(de)(de)提高，城市(shi)(shi)公廁的(de)(de)設施也應該升級(ji)，使(shi)我(wo)們的(de)(de)生(sheng)活加方便。國內目前(qian)城市(shi)(shi)公廁的(de)(de)設施狀況(kuang)主要為：蹲便器、小便(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)、洗手(shou)池(chi)、掛衣鉤。少數中(zhong)公(gong)(gong)(gong)共(gong)建筑(zhu)中(zhong)廁所還包括座便(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)、殘(can)疾(ji)人(ren)衛生(sheng)(sheng)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)械(xie)、衛生(sheng)(sheng)紙(zhi)、放(fang)物(wu)臺、洗手(shou)液、熱風干(gan)手(shou)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)/擦手(shou)紙(zhi)等(deng)。而在(zai)的調研(yan)中(zhong)發現(xian)，城(cheng)市公(gong)(gong)(gong)廁主(zhu)要為公(gong)(gong)(gong)共(gong)建筑(zhu)中(zhong)的廁所，數為活(huo)動式公(gong)(gong)(gong)共(gong)廁所補充。而其(qi)中(zhong)的室內(nei)(nei)基本(ben)設(she)(she)施過國內(nei)(nei)：座便(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)、兒(er)童小便(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)、座便(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)墊(dian)紙(zhi)、小便(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)、洗手(shou)池(chi)、掛鉤、衛生(sheng)(sheng)紙(zhi)、放(fang)物(wu)臺、洗手(shou)液、擦手(shou)紙(zhi)/熱風干(gan)手(shou)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)等(deng)設(she)(she)施，另外(wai)，除(chu)了殘(can)疾(ji)人(ren)衛生(sheng)(sheng)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)械(xie)外(wai)，還有(you)(you)餐(can)廳(ting)或者博物(wu)館等(deng)公(gong)(gong)(gong)共(gong)建筑(zhu)廁所內(nei)(nei)設(she)(she)置(zhi)了母嬰廁所。蹲便(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)向座便(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)的改變。蹲便(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)的優(you)點(dian)：不(bu)(bu)用身體接觸，衛生(sheng)(sheng)，不(bu)(bu)易堵塞；缺點(dian)：不(bu)(bu)適(shi)合年(nian)齡較大人(ren)群(qun)和(he)體質人(ren)群(qun)(如孕婦，運動員(yuan)等(deng))使(shi)(shi)(shi)用，蹲時間過長容易腿(tui)麻，水(shui)壓過大沖(chong)水(shui)容易濺出便(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)外(wai)，地(di)面(mian)(mian)衛生(sheng)(sheng)狀(zhuang)況較差，易滑倒。座便(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)的優(you)點(dian)：適(shi)合各類人(ren)群(qun)，沖(chong)水(shui)不(bu)(bu)會(hui)外(wai)濺，地(di)面(mian)(mian)衛生(sheng)(sheng)狀(zhuang)況較好；缺點(dian)：需(xu)要身體接觸，不(bu)(bu)夠衛生(sheng)(sheng)，易堵塞。從蹲便(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)向座便(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)的改進原(yuan)本(ben)這(zhe)(zhe)是進步的象征，但(dan)是在(zai)問卷(juan)調研(yan)中(zhong)，所有(you)(you)使(shi)(shi)(shi)用者均不(bu)(bu)愿(yuan)意(yi)使(shi)(shi)(shi)用目前公(gong)(gong)(gong)廁內(nei)(nei)的座便(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)，即使(shi)(shi)(shi)公(gong)(gong)(gong)廁內(nei)(nei)提(ti)供可換的座便(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)墊(dian)圈，依然(ran)有(you)(you)62.5%的人(ren)不(bu)(bu)愿(yuan)意(yi)使(shi)(shi)(shi)用，主(zhu)要原(yuan)因為麻煩，設(she)(she)施無(wu)人(ren)維護，對公(gong)(gong)(gong)共(gong)衛生(sheng)(sheng)狀(zhuang)況不(bu)(bu)放(fang)心等(deng)。這(zhe)(zhe)一(yi)點(dian)上和(he)的情況相反，歐洲(zhou)城(cheng)市已(yi)經沒(mei)有(you)(you)蹲便(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)的出現(xian)，尤其(qi)德國廁所衛生(sheng)(sheng)狀(zhuang)況佳，使(shi)(shi)(shi)用舒(shu)適(shi)。
【二】、女士衛生間廁位增(zeng)加(jia)
所有(you)公(gong)共衛生間應設置蹲(dun)式大便器，增加女士衛生間廁位。現代不銹鋼坐便的(de)(de)(de)發(fa)(fa)明(ming)，本是(shi)基于人(ren)(ren)(ren)體原理，使人(ren)(ren)(ren)得以在(zai)(zai)輕松舒適(shi)狀態下(xia)方便(bian)(bian)。但(dan)是(shi)，由(you)于公(gong)(gong)共(gong)(gong)廁所(suo)的(de)(de)(de)衛生(sheng)原因和懼怕的(de)(de)(de)交(jiao)叉感染(ran)，人(ren)(ren)(ren)們(men)在(zai)(zai)如廁時，坐(zuo)便(bian)(bian)器(qi)往往成(cheng)為(wei)負擔(dan)和累贅。有報(bao)道“對人(ren)(ren)(ren)們(men)來(lai)說，在(zai)(zai)單位寫(xie)字樓使用公(gong)(gong)共(gong)(gong)坐(zuo)式(shi)馬(ma)桶(tong)是(shi)他(ta)(她(ta))較感痛苦(ku)的(de)(de)(de)事情(qing)。雙腳站在(zai)(zai)馬(ma)桶(tong)圈上(shang)，腳踩(cai)在(zai)(zai)窄窄的(de)(de)(de)邊沿上(shang)，戰(zhan)戰(zhan)兢(jing)兢(jing)，上(shang)個(ge)廁所(suo)弄(nong)得好像雜耍一般。所(suo)以，上(shang)班時只要(yao)時間(jian)允許(xu)，寧愿穿幾(ji)條馬(ma)路到幾(ji)百米遠(yuan)的(de)(de)(de)公(gong)(gong)用廁所(suo)，花上(shang)一元(yuan)錢使用非接觸的(de)(de)(de)蹲式(shi)馬(ma)桶(tong)。”如此折騰，是(shi)因為(wei)他(ta)(她(ta))不放(fang)心(xin)公(gong)(gong)共(gong)(gong)馬(ma)桶(tong)的(de)(de)(de)清(qing)潔問題。這種在(zai)(zai)公(gong)(gong)共(gong)(gong)衛生(sheng)間(jian)發(fa)(fa)生(sheng)的(de)(de)(de)類似雜耍式(shi)的(de)(de)(de)入廁，給人(ren)(ren)(ren)們(men)帶來(lai)了不便(bian)(bian)，還(huan)容(rong)易造成(cheng) 人(ren)(ren)(ren)體傷害(hai)，也對衛生(sheng)間(jian)的(de)(de)(de)環境造成(cheng)了污染(ran)。
女士排隊(dui)入(ru)廁(ce)(ce)(ce)，是(shi)現代(dai)都市常(chang)見(jian)一景。據調研，女性平均如廁(ce)(ce)(ce)花(hua)費時間為130s，男(nan)(nan)(nan)性為45s，男(nan)(nan)(nan)女入(ru)廁(ce)(ce)(ce)時間比例為3：1左右；男(nan)(nan)(nan)女每天的(de)入(ru)廁(ce)(ce)(ce)頻率也(ye)是(shi)不一樣(yang)的(de)：女性每天的(de)入(ru)廁(ce)(ce)(ce)次數要比男(nan)(nan)(nan)性多。調研中還(huan)發(fa)現，大部分公共(gong)男(nan)(nan)(nan)女廁(ce)(ce)(ce)所的(de)面(mian)積(ji)相(xiang)(xiang)等(deng)(deng)。但(dan)這一形式(shi)上的(de)平等(deng)(deng)，卻(que)遮蔽了(le)男(nan)(nan)(nan)女入(ru)廁(ce)(ce)(ce)權(quan)實質的(de)不平等(deng)(deng)。且不說男(nan)(nan)(nan)廁(ce)(ce)(ce)有小(xiao)便器(qi)(qi)設置(zhi)總面(mian)積(ji)比女廁(ce)(ce)(ce)還(huan)大。即使在面(mian)積(ji)相(xiang)(xiang)等(deng)(deng)的(de)情況下，由于男(nan)(nan)(nan)廁(ce)(ce)(ce)有小(xiao)便器(qi)(qi)，使得男(nan)(nan)(nan)廁(ce)(ce)(ce)的(de)容量遠大于女廁(ce)(ce)(ce)。