衛生潔具坐便器的沖洗功能要求

隨著生活水平的提高，人們對家庭中的衛生潔具的要求越來越高，在要求能夠實現   的功能的同時，還講求其美觀的造型，并且還要滿足目前節水的要求。衛生潔具的質量要求包括尺寸允差，外觀質量、變形、物理性能、沖洗功能等。

沖洗(xi)功能(neng)是坐(zuo)便器在(zai)規定水量下(xia)將便器內污物排出并將便器洗(xi)凈的能(neng)力(li)。毫無疑問(wen)，沖洗(xi)功能(neng)是坐(zuo)便器   主要的性能(neng)要求之一(yi)。

坐便(bian)器(qi)(qi)按沖(chong)(chong)洗方式(shi)(shi)可分為沖(chong)(chong)落(luo)式(shi)(shi)、虹(hong)(hong)吸式(shi)(shi)以(yi)及(ji)噴射虹(hong)(hong)吸式(shi)(shi)等類型。沖(chong)(chong)落(luo)式(shi)(shi)坐便(bian)器(qi)(qi)靠(kao)水(shui)(shui)向(xiang)下的沖(chong)(chong)擊力將污物沖(chong)(chong)出(chu)便(bian)器(qi)(qi)，其沖(chong)(chong)出(chu)力量的大小由水(shui)(shui)在(zai)(zai)水(shui)(shui)箱(或在(zai)(zai)沖(chong)(chong)水(shui)(shui)閥上(shang)面的管(guan)道中)中具有的勢能減去水(shui)(shui)流到沖(chong)(chong)擊污物處的沿程損(sun)失差值所決定。虹(hong)(hong)吸式(shi)(shi)則由水(shui)(shui)在(zai)(zai)便(bian)器(qi)(qi)中形成虹(hong)(hong)吸，主要靠(kao)虹(hong)(hong)吸產生的抽力將污物排出(chu)便(bian)器(qi)(qi)。

坐(zuo)便(bian)(bian)(bian)器由四部(bu)分(fen)組成，即衛生(sheng)(sheng)瓷(含水(shui)(shui)(shui)箱)、水(shui)(shui)(shui)箱配件(jian)(jian)(或(huo)沖(chong)(chong)(chong)水(shui)(shui)(shui)閥)、排污(wu)管(guan)件(jian)(jian)(衛生(sheng)(sheng)瓷排水(shui)(shui)(shui)口(kou)至污(wu)水(shui)(shui)(shui)管(guan)之間的管(guan)件(jian)(jian))和便(bian)(bian)(bian)器坐(zuo)圈(蓋)。沖(chong)(chong)(chong)水(shui)(shui)(shui)時(shi)，水(shui)(shui)(shui)從水(shui)(shui)(shui)箱進(jin)入便(bian)(bian)(bian)器   上(shang)端(duan)的坐(zuo)圈，圈上(shang)開有兩(liang)類出(chu)(chu)水(shui)(shui)(shui)孔(在(zai)沖(chong)(chong)(chong)落式(shi)坐(zuo)便(bian)(bian)(bian)器中也可以直接沿坐(zuo)圈開一(yi)(yi)條(tiao)狹槽(cao)以供出(chu)(chu)水(shui)(shui)(shui))，一(yi)(yi)類是小孔，稱(cheng)為布水(shui)(shui)(shui)眼(yan)，直徑約(yue)為3}5mm，均(jun)勻排列(lie)，總數約(yue)為20-30個(ge)，作用是沖(chong)(chong)(chong)刷坐(zuo)便(bian)(bian)(bian)器內壁(bi)。開孔方向(xiang)(xiang)向(xiang)(xiang)坐(zuo)便(bian)(bian)(bian)器內壁(bi)傾(qing)斜，可使(shi)水(shui)(shui)(shui)從小孔中流出(chu)(chu)后(hou)(hou)很快沖(chong)(chong)(chong)到坐(zuo)便(bian)(bian)(bian)器內壁(bi)上(shang)(衛生(sheng)(sheng)瓷國(guo)標規(gui)定(ding)(ding)(ding)，水(shui)(shui)(shui)要(yao)沖(chong)(chong)(chong)刷到圈下25mm處)。另一(yi)(yi)類是大孔，直徑約(yue)為20mm，其排水(shui)(shui)(shui)方向(xiang)(xiang)以對(dui)準污(wu)物排出(chu)(chu)方向(xiang)(xiang)為宜，對(dui)于(yu)虹吸式(shi)坐(zuo)便(bian)(bian)(bian)器，其作用是盡快形成虹吸以起(qi)到排污(wu)作用。沖(chong)(chong)(chong)出(chu)(chu)的水(shui)(shui)(shui)   將存(cun)在(zai)便(bian)(bian)(bian)器中的污(wu)物和水(shui)(shui)(shui)全部(bu)沖(chong)(chong)(chong)出(chu)(chu)便(bian)(bian)(bian)器達到國(guo)標規(gui)定(ding)(ding)(ding)的稀釋率(lv)，并且還要(yao)將污(wu)物沖(chong)(chong)(chong)出(chu)(chu)   距離。沖(chong)(chong)(chong)洗結(jie)束(shu)后(hou)(hou)，還要(yao)在(zai)便(bian)(bian)(bian)器中剩余一(yi)(yi)部(bu)分(fen)干凈水(shui)(shui)(shui)，使(shi)存(cun)水(shui)(shui)(shui)的高度(du)達到水(shui)(shui)(shui)封的高度(du)，這部(bu)分(fen)水(shui)(shui)(shui)稱(cheng)為水(shui)(shui)(shui)封水(shui)(shui)(shui)，其作用有：形成水(shui)(shui)(shui)封(衛生(sheng)(sheng)瓷國(guo)標規(gui)定(ding)(ding)(ding)，水(shui)(shui)(shui)封高度(du)不小于(yu)50mm)，阻隔(ge)下水(shui)(shui)(shui)道中的氣體進(jin)入室內；形成存(cun)水(shui)(shui)(shui)面，使(shi)污(wu)物不沾壁(bi)。

坐便(bian)器沖(chong)洗功能的好壞與其結(jie)構設計的優良與否(fou)密(mi)切(qie)相關，合理(li)的設計方可以(yi)盡量少的水將坐便(bian)器沖(chong)刷干凈。